Orbit distribution for 300 CALIFA galaxies

Cosmological hydrodynamical simulations have been successfully produced different types of galaxies, although they are still notbe able to match all the observational varieties.  Ongoing and upcoming integral-field spectroscopic surveys provide stellar kinematic maps of thousands of nearby galaxies across the Hubble sequence.While we are still lack of direct comparison with the orbital structures of the simulated and real galaxies.With the observed kinematic map, the orbit-superposed Schwarzschild models allow us to uncover the intrinsic orbital structures as well as the underlying gravitational potential of the galaxy. For the first time, we have been able to create Schwarzschild models that fit in detail for 300 CALIFA galaxies through all Hubble types in a homogeneous way. We obtain the orbit distribution of galaxies in the local universe from a statistically well-defined sample within  9.4 < log(M_star/M_sun) < 11.4, which provides detailed physical insights into nearby galaxies and can be used to directly compare with the simulated galaxies. We find that the orbital structure varies significantly from low mass to high mass galaxies, and it indicates stellar feedback and merging may have taken the role to heat/destroy the cold disk to the low mass and high mass galaxies, respectively, while the galaxies with M_star ~ 2e10 M_sun preserve the most significant cold disk. We also verify that the orbit distribution we obtained are reliable by applying the same method to simulated galaxies.